Application corner

While precious metals such as Au, Ag, Pt, and Pd are finite materials, they are essential for electronic components and functional materials. Therefore, it is important to separate and extract the necessary precious metals from the final products and recycle them as high-purity precious metals in order to secure resources and reduce costs. Impurities, which must be controlled, include light elements such as carbon, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. For example, Au (gold) used in electronic devices must be at least 99.999% pure.

This application note describes the method and conditions to use with the EMIA 820V C/S analyzer to measure cement.

From the perspective of ensuring energy security and reducing CO2 emissions, the use of nuclear energy is attracting worldwide attention. A joint declaration was also released by 25 countries setting forth a cooperation policy toward the ambitious goal of tripling the world's nuclear power generation capacity by 2050 compared to 2020 levels. The safety of nuclear fuel as well as the improvement of fuel performance is extremely important, and the content of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon must be strictly controlled in nuclear material performance.

Polysilicon, the raw material for silicon wafers, requires strict control of carbon content, which affects its conductivity. As higher purity silicon wafers are required, it is important to understand the amount of carbon contained in polysilicon supplied as a material. However, some carbon is present as carbonate and some is attached as CO2, making it very difficult to distinguish between them and analyze the extremely small amount of carbon.

Can we perform quantitative analysis of hydrogen in a titanium alloy to prevent hydrogen embrittlement?

To quickly and accurately quantify the oxygen contained as trace impurities in copper.

EMGA has been designed for accurate measurements of hydrogen content in different sample types such as ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, semiconductors or electronic materials. The hydrogen content is extracted by fusion of the sample in inert gas and analyzed by a high sensitivity thermal conductivity detector. It is also possible to avoid fusion and extract hydrogen content in the sample by heating below the melting point. The purpose of this note is to explain when to use fusion or solid extraction, the benefits, the applications and samples.

Can free carbon in SiC be rapidly and conveniently quantified?

This application note will show the relevance of the EMGA-920 to measure high levels of nitrogen while simultaneously determininig low levels of Oxygen with good precision.

Can we accurately and quickly measure the amount of carbon contained in the material?

Titanium oxide are used primarily in the production of paints and plastics and are also used in paper, priniting inks, cosmetics, textiles and food stuffs.

This application note will show the relevance of the EMGA-920 to measure high level of Nitrogen while maintaining the needed precision for Oxygen determination in AIN.

The aim of this application note is to explain the determination of organic and inorganic carbon in soils and how to prepare samples to eliminate inorganic carbon (carbonates) in these soils.

Each year the marketplace sees increasing demands for the analysis of hydrogen contained in various sample materials.

Ferrosilicon is added as a deoxidant and as an alloying element to steel, that require a special low carbon content. The Low Carbon in Ferrosilicon decreases the electrical conductivity and magnetostriction of electrical steels.

Copper in reddish metal, it is malleable, ductile and an extremely good conductor of both heat and electricity. Copper metal is widely used for electrical wiring, water piping, and corrosion resistant parts, either pure or in alloy such as brass and bronze. Carbon and Sulfur are considered as impurities, so it is important to measure and check the Copper purity.